7291. radaph
Lexical Summary
radaph: to pursue, chase, persecute
Original Word: רָדַף
Transliteration: radaph
Phonetic Spelling: (raw-daf')
Part of Speech: Verb
Short Definition: to pursue, chase, persecute
Meaning: to pursue, chase, persecute
Strong's Concordance
chase, put to flight, follow after, hunt, be under persecution, pursuer

A primitive root; to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively (of time) gone by) -- chase, put to flight, follow (after, on), hunt, (be under) persecute(-ion, -or), pursue(-r).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H7291. radaph

רָדַף141 verb pursue, chase, persecute (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic רְדַף‎, ; Arabic ; Sabean רדףid., SabDenkmNo. 7, 1. 2); —

Qal128 Perfect3masculine singular ׳רJudges 4:16 +; 1 singular וְרָדַפְתִּ֫יJeremiah 29:18, etc.; Imperfect יִרְדֹּףDeuteronomy 19:6 +, ִירַדֹּףPsalm 7:6 (apparently to give choice of Qal or Pi, Ki JHMich Bae and others; Ges§ 63n explanation as developed from יִרֲדֹף‎, compare Ol§ 236 e, and, further, Köi. 160), suffix דְָּפֶ֑ךָ יִרְEzekiel 35:6 (twice in verse), etc.; Imperative masculine singular רְדֹףGenesis 44:4 +, suffix רָדְפֵהוּPsalm 34:15; masculine plural רִדְפוּJudges 3:28 +; Infinitive construct רָדְפִףJoshua 8:16 +, מִרְדֹף1 Samuel 23:28; 2 Samuel 18:16, suffix רָדְפִיPsalm 38:21 Qr, רדופי‎ Kt, etc.; Participle רֹדֵףJudges 4:22 +, plural רֹדְפִים8:4 +; —

1. a. pursue (sometimes + הִשִּׂיג‎): literal with אַחֲרֵי‎ person, in order to overtake Genesis 44:4 (J), 2 Kings 5:21; especially with hostile purpose Genesis 31:23 (+ הִדְבִּיק‎), 35:5; Joshua 24:6 (all E), 2:5, 7 (twice in verse); 8:16 (twice in verse); 8:17; 10:19 (JE), Deuteronomy 11:4; 19:6; Joshua 20:5 (all D), Exodus 14:4, 8, 9 (P), Judges 1:6; 2 Samuel 20:6-7, 10, 13; 2 Kings 9:27 17t., + 25:5 (אַחַר‎), + Judges 4:16 (הָרֶכֶב אַחֲרֵי‎); + אַחֲרֵי רִדְפוּ3:28 = follow me (as leader; but this meaning not elsewhere; read ᵐ5 רְדוּ‎ Kit GFM).

b. literal, with accusative of person, put to flight, chase (defeated foe; sometimes with הִשִּׁיג‎): Amos 1:11; Hosea 8:3; Deuteronomy 32:30 (poem; "" הֵנִיס‎), 28:22, 45; Joshua 23:10 (D), Leviticus 26:8 (twice in verse) (H); נִדָּף עָלֶה קוֺל אֹתָם וְרָדַף26:36 a (H); Joshua 7:5; 8:24; 10:10; 11:8 (all J E), Genesis 14:15; Deuteronomy 1:44; Judges 4:22; Isaiah 41:3 13t. + Judges 7:25 (read אֶתֿ‎ for ᵑ7 ᵑ9 ᵐ5 אֶלֿ,‎ GFM Bu Now).

c. literal, accusative omitted Judges 8:4; 1 Samuel 30:8 (+ הִשִּׂיג‎), 30:10; Genesis 14:14; Exodus 14:23 (P), 15:9 (poem; + הִשִּׂיג‎), Leviticus 26:36 b. 37 (H), Proverbs 28:1; especially participle plural ׳הָרthe pursuers Joshua 2:16 (twice in verse); 2:22 (twice in verse); Nehemiah 9:11; Isaiah 30:16, so הָרֹדֵףJoshua 8:20; Lamentations 1:6.

d. chase, hunt, partridge (קֹרֵא‎) 1 Samuel 26:20 (in simile; "" בִּקֵּשׁ‎).

e. pursue, in figure, Jeremiah 20:11; Lamentations 4:19, וְתִפְשׂוּהוּ רִדְפוּPsalm 71:11, compare Lamentations 1:3; Psalm 7:6 (+ הִשִּׂיג‎; see above); especially subject ׳י‎, pursue (figurative of punishment, judgment), with accusative of person Jeremiah 29:18 (בַּחֶרֶב‎), Lamentations 3:43 and (בְּאַף‎) 3:66, Psalm 83:16 (בְּסַעֲרֶ֑ךָ‎); תִּרְדֹּף יָבֵשׁ אֶתקַֿשׁJob 13:25 ("" תַּעַרוֺץ‎); רֹדְפָם‎, of י ׳מַלְאַךְ‎, Psalm 35:6.

f. figurative persecute, harass, with accusative of person Deuteronomy 30:7; Job 19:22 (כְּמוֺאֵֿל‎), Psalm 69:27; 109:16; 119:86; 119:161; with accusative נַפְשִׁי143:3, with accusative נֲדִבָתִיJob 30:15 (but subject obscure; read perhaps תֵּרָדֵף‎ Bu; Du תִּנָּדֵף‎); with ל‎ person 19:28; participle as substantive Jeremiah 15:15; 17:18; Psalm 7:2; 31:16 ("" אוֺיְבַי‎; We מְרַדְּפָ֑י‎ for וַרֹדְפָ֑י‎), 35:3; 119:84; 119:157 (+ צָרַי‎), 142:7.

g. pursue, dog, subject דָּם‎, with accusative of person Ezekiel 35:6 (twice in verse) (del va ᵐ5‎ Co Toy Krae); in good sense, attend closely upon, יִרְדְּפוּנִי וָחֶסֶד טוֺבPsalm 23:6.

2 figurative follow after, aim to secure: in bad sense, with accusative שַׁלְמֹנִיםIsaiah 1:23, שֵׁכָר5:11, ׳ר קָדִיםHosea 12:2, זִמָּה רֹדְפֵיPsalm 119:150; good sense, with infinitive אֶתיֿ ׳לְדַעַתHosea 6:3, with accusative צֶדֶקDeuteronomy 16:20; Isaiah 51:1 ("" י ׳מְבַקְשֵׁי‎), וָחָ֑סֶד צְדָקָהProverbs 21:21, שָׁלוֺםPsalm 34:15 ("" בַּוֵּשׁ‎), טוֺב38:21.

Niph`al passive: Perfect1plural נִרְדָּ֑פְנוּ עַלצַֿוָּארֵנוּLamentations 5:5 upon our neck (i.e. closely) we are pursued (improbable, compare Bu); perhaps Imperfect3feminine singular תֵּרָדֵףJob 30:15 Bu (for תִּרְדֹּף‎); Participle אֶתנִֿרְדָּ֑ף יְבַקֵּשׁ ׳אEcclesiastes 3:15 God seeketh the pursued (i.e. what has disappeared, is past, but dubious).

Pi`el Perfect3feminine singular consecutive וְרִדְּפָהHosea 2:9; Imperfect3masculine singular יְרַדֶּףֿNahum 1:8 (Psalm 7:6 see

Qal); 3 feminine singular תְּרַדֵּףProverbs 13:21; Participle מְרֵדֵּףֿ11:19 +; — pursue ardently, with accusative of person Hosea 2:9 (in figurative); figurative also ׳יְר חשֶׁךְNahum 1:8 (GunkZAW xiii (1893), 230, plausibly, יֶהְדֹּף‎), compare Proverbs 13:31; elsewhere participle, in Proverbs: aim (eagerly) to secure, with accusative רָעָהProverbs 11:19, רֵיקִים12:11; 28:19, אֲמָרִים19:7 (meaning dubious, see Toy); in good sense, צְדָקָה15:9.

Pu`al Perfect3masculine singular consecutive הָרִים כְמֹץ וְרֻדַּףIsaiah 17:13 it shall be chased away like chaff of the mountains ("" וְנָס‎).

Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular suffix הִרְּדִיפֻהוּJudges 20:43 usually they chased him (Benjamin, collective), but strange after כִתְּרוּsurrounded (still stranger after כתתו‎ or ᵐ5 כרתו‎), and why Hiph`il? GFM conjecture dittograph of הִדְרִיכֻהוּ‎ following; the reverse conjectured by Bu Now.








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